Article 1 of Law No. 413 of 12 October 1993 affirms the right to conscientious objection to animal experimentation: Citizens who, in obedience to conscience and in the exercise of the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion as recognized by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, oppose violence against all living beings, may declare their conscientious objection to any act connected with animal experimentation. Consult Normattiva To exercise this right, professors, researchers, staff, and students of the University may use the template declaration of conscientious objection. Form for professors, researcher and staff (in intranet) Form for students Declarations of conscientious objection must be completed by the objector in duplicate. Of the two copies, one shall be retained, while the other, duly stamped and/or countersigned, shall be returned to the objector. For the purpose of compiling national statistics, the objector may send a third copy of his or her declaration of conscientious objection to LAV, Viale Regina Margherita 177, 00198 Rome – telephone +39 06 4461325, email: info(AT)lav.it